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Divya Jain Pachori
CKD is the most devastating medical, social and economic problem for patients and their family of our country. With an estimated new cases of end stage renal disease of 100 per million people in a year globally, there could be 1 lakh patients from India. Most CKD patients reporting to tertiary care centres in India are in the final stage where Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) is the only opinion at this stage. The availability of various renal replacement therapies helps in reducing severity of symptoms and results in longer survival of ESRD patients. These patients largely depend on haemodialysis and renal replacement therapy. They receive chronic or maintenance dialysis therapy for the control of uremic and azotemic manifestations.4 Pain is an indi vidual’s unique experience that may be difficult for the clients to explain or describe and is often difficult for others to recognize, understand and assess. There are different nursing interventional modalities that can be applied to reduce the pain acco rding to the condition of the patient. Cold application as a cutaneous stimulation technique is an effective non -pharmacological intervention for pain management. Pain during arteriovenous fistula cannulation remains a common problem in hemodialysis patien ts. Thus, studies have shown that Cryotherapy given on the contralateral arm not having the AV fistula reduces the puncture pain in hemodialysis patients.7 A study was undertaken with the objective to assess the effectiveness of selected intervention on pain during puncture of arteriovenous fistula among patients on haemodialysis, the study was performed with evaluative research approach and post -test only control group research design was used. All the subjects were assessed for pain and effectiveness of cryotherapy during puncture of arteriovenousfistula in experimental and without crytherapy in control group. Following which the data was complied, tabulated, analyzed and interpreted with the descriptive and inferential statistics. The study concluded tha t the cryotherapy is an effective intervention to reduce pain during puncture of arteriovenous fistula among patients of haemodialysis.
Keywords: Effectiveness, Cryotherapy, Pain, Arteriovenous fistula, Puncture, Haemodilysis